Needlepoint Supplies: Canvas, Yarn, Needle, Frame

Canvas: mesh first, then type

The mesh (or count) of a canvas is how many holes it has per inch, and Wikipedia lists 10, 12, 14, 18 and 24 as popular sizes. A higher mesh gives finer detail but takes more stitches for the same area: a 130-stitch design is 13" wide on 10-mesh and 10" wide on 13-mesh.

DMC describes three common weaves. Mono canvas is single threads woven together. Interlock canvas locks each horizontal thread between two vertical ones, so it holds its shape when cut. Penelope (or duo) canvas has double threads, which lets you work fine detail in the gaps. For a first project, mono or interlock usually fits; Penelope suits pieces that mix fine and coarse areas.

Needle size by mesh

Needlepoint uses a blunt tapestry needle that passes through the holes. DMC pairs the needle with the canvas count, and the University of Kentucky 4-H needlepoint project lists a size 18 needle with 10-mesh canvas, which agrees.

Yarn and the tent stitch

The 4-H project lists 3-ply Persian wool or pearl cotton for 10-mesh canvas, and Needlepoint.com names tapestry wool among the beginner materials. What matters is coverage: the thread should hide the canvas without crowding the holes, so a finer mesh needs a finer thread.

The basic stitch is the tent stitch, which DMC calls the smallest canvaswork stitch. Wikipedia notes it can be worked as basketweave, continental or half cross. One chart square is one tent stitch.

Tape, frame and what to check

DMC recommends binding the canvas edges with masking tape before you begin, so the cut threads do not fray or catch the yarn. Needlepoint.com lists stretcher bars and tacks as optional but recommended to start; they hold the canvas taut, and Wikipedia notes that canvas may also be stretched on a scroll frame.

Before you cut, check the mesh against your chart's planned size, cut the canvas with a margin on every side, and match the needle to the mesh from the table above.

Common questions

Which mesh should a beginner choose?

A 10-mesh canvas is a common start: the 4-H needlepoint project uses it, the holes are easy to see and it works up quickly. Finer meshes suit more detailed designs.

Are stretcher bars necessary?

No, but they help. They keep the canvas flat and square while you stitch. A scroll frame is another option for larger pieces.

Can I use embroidery floss on needlepoint canvas?

It depends on the mesh and how many strands you combine. The usual choices are tapestry wool, Persian wool or pearl cotton thick enough to cover the canvas.